In April 2008, a salvage excavation was conducted next to Mandelbaum Gate in Jerusalem (Permit No. A-5418; map ref. 2216/6326), prior to the construction of the light rapid transit system. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Ashtrom Company, was directed by A. Kohn-Tavor (photography), with the assistance of Y. Ohayon (administration) and D. Levi (GPS).